Test development method

A variety of methods are used to develop Spanish-language assessments. Look for the following codes placed throughout the next table on this page to help you more easily identify the tools that best fit your needs:

Code	Description
T	Assessments that offer Spanish translations of the English edition on which they are based, with no changes to items or tasks
TA/A	Transadapted or adapted assessments that are both translated and modified from the English edition to best suit the population that they are intended to serve. This may include editing certain items to make them more culturally appropriate/relevant, changing the placement of items to achieve a more uniform gradient of difficulty, or introducing new items that are more appropriate for the targeted population.
SN	Spanish language norms collected from US-based Spanish-speaking population
EN	English norms only